Impacto de la Militarización de la Policía en la Seguridad Ciudadana: Una Revisión Sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59956/escpograpnpv4n2.6Palabras clave:
Militarización, Policía, Seguridad Ciudadana, Derechos Humanos, Crimen Organizado, Violencia, Fuerzas de SeguridadResumen
El estudio analiza el impacto de la militarización de la policía en la seguridad ciudadana. Se examinan sus efectos operativos, sociales y de derechos humanos en distintos contextos internacionales. En cuanto a la metodología, se aplicó un enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo basado en el protocolo PRISMA. Se revisaron 52 estudios empíricos y teóricos publicados entre 2015 y 2024, seleccionados de bases de datos como Google Scholar y EBSCO. La muestra final incluyó 21 investigaciones tras aplicar criterios de inclusión, considerando estudios con evidencia directa sobre la relación entre militarización y seguridad ciudadana. Las fuentes de análisis abarcaron artículos sobre eficacia operativa, percepción pública y derechos humanos en América Latina, Estados Unidos y Europa. Los resultados muestran que, si bien la militarización fortalece la respuesta ante amenazas graves, también fomenta violencia policial, abuso de poder y erosión de la confianza pública. Se concluye que su implementación requiere regulación estricta y que modelos basados en cooperación comunitaria pueden ser más efectivos para garantizar la seguridad sin comprometer los derechos ciudadanos.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Escpogra PNP
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